Roofing and siding construction



June 29, 1937.

ROOFING AND SIDING CONSTRUCTION T. STORM Filed March 20,

l|l l INVENTOR. nygvc Storm Zmu. NJ

A TTORNEY.

Patented June 2'9, 1937 noorme Ann smme CONSTRUCTION Trygve Storm, Fort Wayne, Ind., assignor to Bakelite Building Products Co. Inc., New York,

N. Y., a. corporation of Delaware Application March 20, 1931, Serial No. 524,097

9 Claims. 401. 108-7) The invention relates to roofing and siding construction and material for buildings and it is particularly directed to the type of construction formed by locked flexible shingles, for example the usual flexible felt impregnated with asphaltum shingles.

The object of the invention is to provide a novel roofing or siding shingle laid in novel manner and so looked that the exposed corners will not curl up or be blown upv by storm.

The invention consists of the novel combination, form and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and illustrated in the drawing, in which drawing:

Figure l is a plan view of a fraction of a roof embodying the invention; Fig. 2 a modification of the roof; Fig. 3 a plan view of one of the shingles and Fig. 4 an endview of the shingle.

In the illustrative embodiment of the invention the usual under structure or surface to be covered is provided. ,Each shingle consists of a flexible body 2 of suitable composition and preferably, rectangular in shape. A U-shaped clip 3 is'formed of a thin bent strip, one arm 4 there- 5 of being secured to the shingle adjacent the lower edge and one corner of the shingle and the other arin 5 being spaced from the arm 4 approximately the thickness of the shin'gle. The

bend in \the clip is flush with the lower edge of the shingle so that when the clip is engaged on another shingle the lower edge of the latter shingle will register with the lower edge of the first shingle. The shingles are uniform in size and shape.

v In laying the-roof or siding the shinglesare the nails 1, 8 adjacent the corners of the shingle.

The clip 3 of a second shingle is then engaged under the lower edge of the first shingle and the second shingle is adjusted to secure longitudinal alinement of the two shingles and to accomplish a 5 selected overlap of the two shingles which will cover the nail Land the nails 1, 9 are driven through the second shingle at the unlocked end thereof. A third shingle is applied ina similar manner and so on across the roof. The shingles 5 in the next row above overlap the shingles in the first row and they overlap each other as in the first row. The right end of the first shingle in the second row abuts the left end of the second shingle in the first row, the said first shingle be- 55 ing reduced in length so that its left end edge will line up with thecorresponding edge of the shingle below. 'The second shingle in the second row is laid to overlap the first shingle in that row the same amount as the shingles in the first row overlap, the remaining shingles in the row being similarly laid. The remaining horizontal rows are laid in a similar manner.

It will be apparent that the exposed end edges of the shingles in onehrow are staggered with respect to the exposed and edges of the shingles in the adjacent row thereby forming fan attractive roof or siding and since the exposed corner portion of eachshingle is locked by the clip-thereon to the shingle beneath it the shingles are locked together and curling up of the shingles is avoided. All nails are covered except those along the edges of the roof or siding. Preferably the clip 3 is formed of a. thin flexible material such as zinc. v

In Fig. 2, the shingles are laid in horizontal rows, those'in the first row, and in alternate rows above, being laid asin Fig. 1. In the remaining rows the shingles are laid so that the exposed end edge of each shingle is midway between the exposed end edges of two adjacent shingles in the .next horizontal row, the exposed corners of the shingles'being locked to the shingles beneath them as in Fig. l.

To facilitate the laying of the shingles the upper edge of each shingle could be slightly notched at l0 and II to form guides in overlapping the shingles in a horizontal row and another notch l2 could be formed in the end edge of the shingle to guide the overlap of the shingles in one row upon those in a row below, the notches being covered by the overlapping shingles so that tearing of the shingle is avoided.

The shingles are preferably rectangular in shape but they may be made in other shapes. The oblong form illustrated in the drawing laid with a relatively large exposure provides an economical roof or siding on a building. It will also be understood that many advantages flow from the ability to accomplish, as above describedfl a selected overlap of adjacent shingles in a course to cover the nail I. Adverse conditions in the underlying support may thereby be met without difflculty. For example, the fastening means may be shifted to avoid knots in the roof boards or in reroofing work to avoid the large heads of nails previously secured to the surface, or portions of the surface which have become rotted. Also, the permissible adjustment enables the obtaining of various roof or siding patterns producing desirable visual effects; and not unimportant,

is the ability to obtain one or more thicknesses of covering material throughout the surface. Thus, unlimited adjustment is possible in the lap between the shingles of my invention, and it will be observed that in all instances my interlock and driven fastening means may constitute a complete fastening for each shingle that isindependent of the positioning of shingles in an adjacent opposite edge underlying the\edge of another adjacent shingle in the same course; means in the nature of a U-shaped clip fastened to the under surface of the overlying shingle for interlocking the adjacent lower corners of each pair of adjacent shingles in the same course, with relative adjustment parallel to the course to vary the amount of overlap; said interlocking means engaging the underlying shingle at its lower edge at a point spaced from the corner; driven fastening means passing through the underlying shingle v near its lower edge and between the interlock and the underlying corner; said courses being overlapped along adjacent edges to completely cover a continuous area; said fastening means at the overlying edge of one course'passe ing through the underlying edge of the adjacent course; and additional fastening means for the underlying edge of each course passing through the overlapped portions of each pair of adjacent shingles in that course,"and coveredup by the overlying edge of the adjacent course.

' 2. A roof covering made up of a plurality of shingles of flexible felt-impregnated with asphaltum; said shingles being arranged in courses; each shingle having opposite edges extending along the edges of the course; each shingle having one edge overlying the edge of an adjacent shingle in the same course and an at'a point spaced from the corner; driven fastening means passing through the underlying shingle near its lower edge and between the interlock and the underlying corner; said courses being overlapped along adjacent edges to completely cover a continuous area;-said fastening means at the overlying edge of one course passing through the underlying edge of the adjacent 3. A roof covering made up of, a plurality of shingles .of flexible felt impregnated with asphsltum; said shingles being arranged in courses; each shingle having edges extending along opposite edges of its course; each shingle havingone edge overlying the edge of an adjacent shingle in the same course and an opposite edge underlying the edge of another adjacent shingle in the same course; means in the nature of a U-shaped clip fastened to the under surface of the overlying shingle for interlocking adjacent lower corners of each pair of adjacent shingles in the samecourse, with relative adjustment parallel to the course to vary the amount of overlap; said interlocking means engaging the underlying shingle at its lower edge at a point spaced from the corner; driven fastening means passing through the underlying shingle near its lower edge and between the interlock and the underlying comer; said courses being overlapped along adjacent edges to completely cover a continuous area.

4. A roof covering made up of a plurality of shingles of flexible felt impregnated with asphaltum; said shingles being arranged in courses; each shingle having edges extending along opposite edges of its course; each shingle having one edge overlying the edge of an adjacent shingle in the same course and an opposite edge underlying the edge of another adjacent shingle in the same course; means for interlocking the adjacent lower corners of each pair of adjacent shingles in the same course, with relative adjustment parallel to the course to vary the amount of overlap; said interlocking means engaging the underlying shingle'at a point spaced from the corner; driven fastening means passing through the underlying shingle near its lower edge and between the interlock and the underlying corner; said courses being overlapped along adjacent edges to completely cover a continuous area; said fastening means at the overlying edge of one course passing through the underlying shingles of flexible felt impregnated with asphaltum; said shingles being arranged in courses; each shingle having edges extending along opposite edges of its course; each shingle having one edge overlying the edge of an adjacent shingle in the same course and an opposite'edge underlying the edge of another adjacent shingle in the samercourse; means for interlocking the adjacent lower corners of each pair of adjacent shingles in the same course, with relative adjustment parallel to the course to vary the amount of overlap; said interlocking meansengaging the underlying shingle at a point spaced from the comer; driven fastening means passing through the underlying shingle near its lower edge and between the interlock and the underlying corner; said courses being overlapped along adjacent edges to completely cover a continuous area.

6. A roof made up of a plm'ality of shingles of flexible felt impregnated with asphaltum; said shingles being arranged in courses and having straight lower edges parallel to the courses; ad-

jacent shingles in the same course being laid with overlapping side portions; and U-shaped metal clips adjacent the lower edges of the overlapping side portions; one leg of said clip lying between said portions; the bight of said clip passing around the lower edge of one of 'said portions; and a prong struck up from the leg lying between the portions; said prong passing through the other portion and being clinched over to positively engage the remote face of said other portion; and driven fastening means constituting with said clips a complete fastening for each shingle, whereby the relative positioning of the individual shingles in each course is entirely independent of the positioning of the shingles in any adjacent course.

7. A surface covering comprising flexible base shingles; said shingles being arranged in courses and having edges extending along the opposite aosassa an opposite edge underlying the edge of another adjacent shingle in the same course to form an- 4 other lap; means for interlocking the lapping edge portions of each pair of adjacent Shingles in the same course, at the lower edge of the course, with relative adjustment of the shingles substantially parallel to the course to vary the amount of lap; said interlocking means being engaged with the lower edge of the underlying shingle of a pair forming the lap, at a distance from its overlapped edge; and driven fastening means adjacent the lower edge of the course, passing through a covered portion of the shingle material near a lower shingle corner at the lap of the pair of adjacent shingles.

8. A surface covering-comprising flexible baseshingles; said shingles being arranged in courses and having edges extending along opposite edges of their course; each shingle in a course having an edge overlying the edge of an adjacent shingle in the same course to form a lap and an opposite edge underlying the edge of another adjacent shingle in the same course to form another lap;

means for interlocking the lapping edge portions of each pair of adjacent shingles inthe same course, at the lower edge of the course; said interlocking means being connected with the'overlying shingle of a pair, and engaged withthe lower edge of the adjacent underlying shingle of the pair of lapping shingles, and said means and i edge being of such size and character respectively whereby a substantial lap adjustment may be obtained between adjacent shingles in a course; and driven fastening means adjacent the lower edge of thecourse, passing through one of the pair of adjacent shingles through-a portion nor- 7 mally exposed during application and covered by the adjacent shingle lapped therewith in the finished covering.

9. A surface covering comprising flexible shingles, said shingles being arranged in horizontally extending courses and having edges extending along opposite edges of their course; each shingle in a course having an edge overlying the edge of an adjacent shingle inthe same course to form a lap and an opposite edge underlying the edge of another adjacent shingle in the same course to form another lap; means for interlocking the lapping edge portions of each pair of adjacent shingles in the same course, at the lower edge of the course with relative adjustment of the shingles substantially parallel to the course to vary the amount of lap; said interlocking in each course is entirely independent'of 'positioning of the shingles in any adjacent course.

Tmrcivn STORM. 

